Skip to content
THE INSURANCE REFERENCE

Insurance terms.
In plain English.

Understand common insurance terms, from premiums and deductibles to binders, endorsements and underwriting. Search definitions and explore related terms.

By Insurance Automation Hub · Updated

32 terms

A

Actual cash valueClaims
Also known as: ACV

A property valuation that commonly subtracts depreciation from replacement cost. The policy and applicable rules determine the method.

Source: NAIC property insurance terms
AgentBasics

A licensed professional or organization authorized to sell insurance for an insurer.

Source: California Department of Insurance
ApplicationDocuments

Information supplied to an insurer to help it evaluate a request for coverage and pricing.

Source: Texas Department of Insurance

B

BinderDocuments

A temporary insurance agreement that can provide coverage while the full policy is being issued.

Source: California Department of Insurance
Bodily injuryClaims

Physical harm to a person; a policy may also include related illness or disease in its definition.

Source: NAIC insurance glossary
BrokerBasics

A licensed professional or organization that helps a client find insurance on the client’s behalf.

Source: California Department of Insurance
Business interruptionCoverage
Also known as: business income

Coverage for qualifying business income loss after a covered interruption, often connected to insured property damage.

Source: NAIC insurance glossary
Business owners policyCoverage
Also known as: BOP

A package commonly combining business property, liability and business interruption coverages.

Source: NAIC insurance glossary

C

CancellationBasics

Ending an insurance policy before its scheduled expiration.

Source: Texas Department of Insurance
ClaimClaims

A request to an insurer to respond to a loss that may fall within a policy.

Source: California Department of Insurance
CoinsuranceBasics

In property insurance, a coverage-to-value requirement that can affect loss payments. In health insurance, a percentage cost share.

Source: NAIC insurance glossary

D

Declarations pageDocuments
Also known as: dec page, declarations

The policy summary identifying key details such as the insurer, coverage period, limits and premium.

Source: Texas Department of Insurance
DeductibleClaims

The portion of a covered loss assigned to you. It may be a fixed amount or percentage.

Source: NAIC property insurance terms
DepreciationClaims

A reduction in property value associated with age, use or wear.

Source: NAIC property insurance terms

E

Effective dateDocuments

The date a policy begins, subject to its stated terms and effective time.

Source: Texas Department of Insurance
EndorsementDocuments
Also known as: rider

A written change that becomes part of a policy. It can add, remove or modify coverage or other terms.

Source: NAIC endorsement guide
ExclusionBasics

Policy wording that removes specified losses, events or situations from coverage.

Source: NAIC property insurance terms
Expiration dateDocuments

The date a policy is scheduled to end, at the time stated in its terms.

Source: Texas Department of Insurance

I

InsuredBasics

A person or organization protected under a policy, as defined by that contract.

Source: California Department of Insurance
InsurerBasics
Also known as: carrier, insurance company

The insurance company providing the policy’s coverage.

Source: Texas Department of Insurance

L

Liability insuranceCoverage

Coverage for specified legal responsibilities to others, subject to the policy’s terms and limits.

Source: California Department of Insurance
Loss historyClaims
Also known as: claims history

A record of prior insurance claims that may be considered during underwriting or renewal.

Source: Texas Department of Insurance

P

PerilBasics

An event that can cause a loss, such as fire or theft. Coverage depends on the policy.

Source: NAIC property insurance terms
PolicyDocuments

The insurance contract describing the coverage, conditions, exclusions and responsibilities of the parties.

Source: California Department of Insurance
Policy limitBasics
Also known as: limit of insurance, coverage limit

The most payable under a coverage or policy, subject to how its limits apply.

Source: NAIC property insurance terms
Policy periodDocuments

The interval between a policy’s effective and expiration dates.

Source: Texas Department of Insurance
PremiumBasics

The price charged for insurance coverage.

Source: California Department of Insurance

Q

QuoteDocuments

An estimated insurance price based on supplied information. A quote alone does not establish coverage.

Source: California Department of Insurance

R

RenewalBasics

Continuing insurance into a new policy period. Terms and pricing may change.

Source: Texas Department of Insurance
Replacement costClaims
Also known as: RCV

The cost to repair or replace damaged property without a depreciation deduction, subject to policy conditions and limits.

Source: NAIC property insurance terms

U

Umbrella insuranceCoverage

Additional liability protection above underlying policies. Some umbrellas also cover certain gaps, subject to their own conditions and exclusions.

Source: NAIC umbrella guide
UnderwritingBasics

An insurer’s evaluation of a risk to decide whether to offer coverage and on what terms.

Source: Texas Department of Insurance
A LITTLE MORE CLARITY

Common insurance questions.

What is the difference between a premium and a deductible?

The premium buys coverage. A deductible is your assigned share of a covered loss. Paying the premium does not remove a deductible.

Is a quote the same as a binder?

No. A quote estimates pricing; a binder can establish temporary coverage. Confirm the agreement and effective date with your authorized insurance professional.

Does an endorsement always add coverage?

No. Endorsements can expand, restrict or otherwise change policy terms. Read each endorsement together with the policy.

Where should I start when reading a policy?

Start with the declarations for the summary, then read the coverage wording, conditions, exclusions and endorsements. Ask your insurance professional about anything unclear.

About these definitions

Written as a general U.S. insurance reference, using the regulator and NAIC resources linked above. Definitions can vary by policy, state and context. Your actual policy wording controls; this glossary does not determine coverage.

Found an unclear definition? Suggest a correction.

Back to Resources